Cannabis is a drug or product derived from the Cannabis sativa plant. But is cannabis a therapeutic remedy or merely a palliative for thyroid issues? Cannabis is commonly known as marijuana, weed, or pot. It is a psychoactive substance, known for its calming effects and mood regulation. Research indicates that cannabis has both positive and negative impacts on the body.

Cannabis contains a range of compounds called cannabinoids. Among them, the two most notable are tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), both of which are key components of medical cannabis. THC is the primary psychoactive compound, while CBD is recognized for its pain-relieving and anti-inflammatory properties.

Studies suggest that cannabidiol (CBD), one of the major cannabinoids in medical cannabis, could be an effective therapeutic option for managing thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, goiter, and thyroiditis.

This article will explore the benefits of CBD oil for thyroid health, how it can help manage various thyroid conditions, and provide guidance on using CBD for thyroid dysfunction, while also considering any potential adverse effects.

The thyroid, located at the base of the neck, is an endocrine gland responsible for producing hormones that regulate metabolism. It is also prone to dysfunction, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease, thyroid nodules, and thyroid cancer, which can lead to severe health complications. Studies show that about 1 in 200 people are affected by thyroid disorders.

The endocannabinoid system, consisting of CB1 and CB2 receptors, plays a role in regulating various body functions. These receptors are found in the thyroid, gastrointestinal tract, brain, immune cells, connective tissues, and glands.

What Is the Role of Medical Cannabis in Thyroid Care?

Research indicates that medical cannabis can bind to these receptors and help restore balance to thyroid hormone levels, which are central to thyroid disorders. Specifically, the CB1 receptors control the release of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Both of these hormones regulate metabolism, energy production, and many bodily functions, and imbalances can lead to thyroid dysfunction. Thus, using medical cannabis may help alleviate symptoms of hypo- or hyperthyroidism by regulating these hormones.

Studies also show that cannabinoid receptors are found in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in the brain. This area signals the pituitary gland to release hormones that influence the thyroid and other organs.

Thyroid disorders are often caused by inflammation, and CBD is known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. Chronic inflammation in the thyroid can result in autoimmune conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease, both of which disrupt normal thyroid function. Studies suggest that CBD and other cannabinoids can reduce inflammation in organs and tissues, potentially aiding thyroid health.

Additionally, CBD interacts with the 5-HT1A receptor, which is linked to serotonin, a neurotransmitter that promotes well-being. By binding to this receptor, CBD may enhance the healing process and promote overall balance in the body.

While promising, much of the research into medical cannabis and thyroid health is still in its early stages, and more clinical trials are needed to fully understand its long-term effects. It’s also important to consult with a healthcare provider before incorporating medical cannabis into a treatment plan, as it may interact with other medications.

What Are the Benefits of Medical Cannabis in Thyroid Health?

Studies have shown that medical cannabis can effectively manage symptoms of thyroid disorders. Thanks to its properties, it provides an alternative to conventional medications for managing thyroid-related conditions. According to the American Thyroid Association (ATA), many people with thyroid disorders prefer natural remedies over complex medications prescribed by their doctors. Additionally, they may use medical cannabis to relieve the stress and anxiety that often accompany treatments for their lifelong condition.

The effects of medical cannabis on thyroid dysfunction can be divided into short-term and long-term benefits.

A. Short-Term Benefits

The short-term effects of medical cannabis are usually felt within minutes of consumption, although the duration can vary depending on the dosage and method of consumption. Short-term experiences include:

• Relaxation of the body and mind
• Intense increase in appetite
• Increased focus and creativity

For thyroid disorder patients, who often experience symptoms like weight loss, depression, fatigue, and anxiety, medical cannabis can help manage these issues.

B. Long-Term Benefits

1. Weight Gain

While the effects of medical cannabis on body weight can vary, studies show that it stimulates cannabinoid receptors in the gastrointestinal tract, improving appetite. It is a regulatory substance that tends to increase weight in individuals who are underweight but does not necessarily affect those with normal or high weight. For individuals with thyroid disorders like hyperthyroidism, which causes extreme weight loss, medical cannabis can help stimulate appetite and support weight recovery.

2. Management of Depression

Medical cannabis has shown promise in alleviating depression symptoms, though more research is needed to understand its full effects. While it may not eliminate depression, it can be an effective tool in managing symptoms.

3. Reducing Nausea and Vomiting

Medical cannabis is highly effective in reducing nausea and minimizing the urge to vomit, which is often a side effect of thyroid medication or the disorder itself.

4. Relieving Fatigue

Fatigue is a common symptom of thyroid disorders, but it is also a frequent side effect of excessive medical cannabis consumption. However, in moderate doses, medical cannabis can help improve sleep patterns and provide relief from fatigue.

5. Anti-Inflammatory Properties

CBD, a major component of medical cannabis, has potent anti-inflammatory properties. It can help alleviate the underlying causes of pain, particularly in thyroid conditions like thyroiditis, which involves inflammation of the thyroid gland.

6. Pain Relief

CBD oils are known to relieve body pain, especially in muscles and joints, providing significant relief for those experiencing chronic pain related to thyroid dysfunction.

7. Loss of Appetite

Patients suffering from thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and Graves’ disease often experience appetite loss and weight reduction. Medical cannabis can help increase appetite by stimulating the release of certain hormones in the brain that trigger hunger.

8. Treatment of Other Conditions

While medical cannabis is not a cure for thyroid diseases, it has been shown to be effective in treating other conditions, such as epilepsy, seizures, and Dravet Syndrome, providing symptom relief for many medical conditions.

Medical Conditions that Cannabis May Help

Medical cannabis is known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Its usage can significantly reduce inflammation in the thyroid gland. Additionally, consuming medical cannabis can help manage pain, inflammation, weight loss, and fatigue, which are prominent symptoms of thyroid disorders.

It is advisable to always consult a medical professional before using medical cannabis if you are experiencing these symptoms. Topical products like creams and lotions are beneficial for localized issues such as skin problems, while CBD oils and capsules are more effective for symptoms caused by internal imbalances like anxiety and depression.

 

 

Medical cannabis can be effectively used for some of the issues associated with thyroid disorders, including:

1. Sleep Disorders

If you are seeking natural remedies for insomnia, CBD oils have proven effective in treating sleep disturbances. CBD helps induce sleep, regulate the circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle, and improve energy levels and focus.

2. Anxiety

Studies have shown that CBD oils help reduce blood pressure, promoting deep, even breaths and effectively reducing anxiety. CBD also helps improve the body’s physical response to stress. It has been found beneficial in treating various anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.

3. Hormonal Imbalance

Research has shown that CB1 receptors are present in the thyroid gland of animal models. These receptors play a role in regulating the production of the two primary thyroid hormones, T4 and T3.

Cannabinoid receptors have also been found in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, a brain region that connects the pituitary gland and stimulates the production of TSH, which then prompts the thyroid gland to release T4 and T3 hormones. Consuming medical cannabis helps regulate the secretion of thyroid hormones. Ongoing studies are examining CBD’s direct interaction with cannabinoid receptors in the thyroid gland in humans.

4. Metabolism

Low doses of CBD taken daily can stimulate energy levels. CBD also regulates metabolism through its interaction with the endocannabinoid system.

5. Inflammation

Medical cannabis can effectively treat inflammation, such as thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland), and can also help with inflammation in other areas of the body.

6. Digestive Disorders

Medical cannabis can alleviate symptoms of digestive disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome. It has also been approved as a treatment for Crohn’s disease in some U.S. states.

While medical cannabis is not a cure for thyroid dysfunction, it is effective in managing the symptoms associated with these conditions. If your symptoms do not improve or you feel dependent on cannabis, you should contact your physician.

7. Epilepsy

Medical cannabis, particularly CBD, has been shown to reduce the frequency and severity of seizures in individuals with epilepsy. CBD’s neuroprotective properties help to regulate brain activity, making it a valuable treatment option for people with epilepsy who have not responded to conventional treatments.

8. Cancer

While CBD is not a cure for cancer, studies suggest that it can help manage cancer-related symptoms, including pain, nausea, and anxiety. Some research has also shown that CBD may inhibit the growth of certain types of cancer cells, although more studies are needed in this area.

How Does CBD Impact Thyroid Medication?

CBD has gained significant popularity for its potential health benefits, including alleviating anxiety, reducing inflammation, and managing chronic pain. However, when combined with prescription medications like those for thyroid disorders, CBD may interact with the body in ways that could pose risks. Understanding these interactions is critical to ensuring the safe use of CBD alongside thyroid medications.

1. CBD and the “Grapefruit Warning”

If your thyroid medication carries a “grapefruit warning” on its label, it’s essential to exercise caution with CBD. Both CBD and grapefruit inhibit the same group of liver enzymes in the cytochrome P450 system, which are responsible for metabolizing many drugs. When these enzymes are inhibited, medications can accumulate in the bloodstream, leading to a higher concentration than intended. This can increase the risk of side effects, including toxicity or overdose.

2. Cytochrome P450 and Drug Metabolism

The cytochrome P450 system is a critical pathway for processing drugs in the liver. CBD and many thyroid medications, including levothyroxine, are metabolized through this pathway. When CBD is consumed, it competes for the same enzymes, potentially slowing the breakdown of thyroid medication. This can alter the medication’s effectiveness and strain the liver, possibly resulting in complications like elevated thyroid hormone levels or impaired organ function.

3. Potential Side Effects

Combining CBD and thyroid medications may lead to side effects, though the severity and type can vary widely among individuals. Commonly reported side effects include:

• Nausea and Anxiety: Some individuals experience discomfort when CBD is taken close to their thyroid medication.
• Fatigue and Dizziness: CBD’s sedative effects may amplify fatigue or lightheadedness, particularly in sensitive individuals.
• Appetite Changes: CBD can impact appetite, which may indirectly affect thyroid function and metabolism.

Interestingly, some patients report that spacing out CBD and thyroid medication by several hours reduces or eliminates side effects. However, this approach should only be taken under medical supervision.

4. Variability in Individual Responses

The way CBD interacts with thyroid medications can vary significantly between individuals. Factors such as age, weight, liver function, genetic predispositions, and overall health play a role in how medications are metabolized. Additionally, the dosage and frequency of both CBD and thyroid medication can influence the likelihood of interactions.

5. Challenges with CBD Regulation

Although CBD is marketed as a natural product, it is not a regulated substance. The FDA classifies CBD as a dietary supplement, meaning there is no standard formulation or quality assurance. Different products may contain varying concentrations of CBD, which can complicate its use with prescription medications.

Side Effects of Medical Cannabis

Medical cannabis is increasingly used to manage various conditions, such as chronic pain, anxiety, and epilepsy. While it offers therapeutic benefits, it also carries potential risks that users must understand to make informed decisions.

Below, we explore the significant side effects associated with medical cannabis use.

1. Risk of Addiction

Although medical cannabis is less addictive than substances like opioids, long-term use can lead to dependency, a condition known as cannabis use disorder (CUD). This disorder often manifests as difficulty stopping usage despite negative consequences, such as health or social issues. Individuals may also experience withdrawal symptoms like irritability, sleep disturbances, or strong cravings when they try to quit. Studies suggest that about 9% of cannabis users develop addiction, with a higher likelihood in those who use it frequently or began during adolescence.

2. Immune System Issues and Viral Infections

Cannabis may suppress the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections. This weakened response can increase the risk of illnesses, particularly respiratory infections, for users who smoke cannabis. For individuals with pre-existing immune conditions or those undergoing treatments like chemotherapy, this immunosuppressive effect can be especially concerning.

3. Respiratory Problems

Smoking cannabis can lead to several respiratory issues, similar to those caused by tobacco smoking. These include chronic bronchitis, characterized by persistent coughing and mucus production, and throat irritation. Frequent smoking also raises the likelihood of lung infections and may exacerbate conditions such as asthma. Opting for non-smokable forms like edibles or tinctures can reduce respiratory risks but may not eliminate them entirely.

4. Risk of Developing Mental Illness

Medical cannabis use has been linked to an increased risk of mental health issues, especially in individuals predisposed to psychiatric disorders. Conditions such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis are more likely to develop with frequent or high-dose use. There is also evidence linking cannabis to schizophrenia, particularly in individuals with a family history of the condition. Memory and cognitive impairments are other common concerns, with some effects lingering even after discontinuing use.

5. Behavioral Changes

Regular cannabis use can alter behavior and personality. Many users report a decrease in motivation, often referred to as “amotivational syndrome,” which can impact productivity and personal relationships. Others experience mood swings, increased impulsivity, or impaired judgment, which can have long-term effects on decision-making and overall quality of life.

6. Medical Complications with Other Prescriptions

Cannabis interacts with various medications, sometimes leading to serious complications. When combined with central nervous system (CNS) depressants, such as benzodiazepines, it can amplify sedative effects, increasing the risk of drowsiness or accidents. It may also heighten the risk of bleeding when taken with blood-thinning medications like warfarin. Additionally, cannabis affects liver enzymes, potentially altering how the body metabolizes other drugs, leading to reduced efficacy or toxic buildup. Consulting a healthcare provider before combining cannabis with other prescriptions is essential to avoid adverse effects.

How Can Medical Cannabis Be Consumed?

1. Pills or Capsules

This form, also known as Canna Caps, is the most common way to consume medical cannabis. It is especially suitable for people with respiratory issues as it does not involve inhalation. Pills and capsules provide a precise dosage, making it easier to monitor consumption. The effects of capsules may take longer to feel, typically 30 minutes to 2 hours, because they need to be metabolized by the liver. However, they offer a longer-lasting effect compared to smoking or vaping. Canna Caps can also be combined with other ingredients, such as melatonin for sleep or B12 vitamins for added therapeutic benefits. Because of their consistent dosage, they are a convenient choice for medical cannabis users.

2. Smoking

Smoking cannabis is typically done through joints, blunts, bowls, bongs, and other devices. However, smoking is generally not recommended for medical cannabis due to the risk of pulmonary infections, lung irritation, and an increased likelihood of lung cancer. When cannabis is smoked, it releases harmful toxins and carcinogens due to combustion, which can negatively affect lung health. Smoking also allows the cannabinoids to enter the bloodstream quickly through the lungs, providing immediate effects, which some users prefer for fast relief of symptoms like pain or nausea. However, the risks associated with smoking make other methods a safer alternative for long-term use.

3. Edibles

Edibles are food items infused with medical cannabis, such as cookies, candies, chocolates, and other snacks. This consumption method offers a discreet, enjoyable, and often longer-lasting effect compared to other methods. The effects of edibles can take longer to set in typically 30 minutes to 2 hours because they must first be digested and metabolized in the liver. This slower onset can lead some people to accidentally overconsume, thinking the cannabis hasn’t worked yet, so it’s important to start with a small dose. Once the cannabinoids are processed, they provide a more potent and long-lasting effect. Edibles are a great option for those who want consistent effects over a longer period of time, such as for chronic pain or insomnia.

4. Oils

Cannabis oils generally have low concentrations of THC and high concentrations of CBD, which is why they are often referred to as CBD oils. Since CBD oils contain minimal THC, they do not cause a high but are effective for relieving pain, nausea, anxiety, and sleep issues. CBD oils are typically consumed sublingually (under the tongue), which allows for faster absorption into the bloodstream and quicker effects usually within 15 to 30 minutes. They can also be taken in capsule form or added to food and drinks, although this may delay the onset of effects. Cannabis oils are commonly used to manage a variety of medical conditions, including anxiety, chronic pain, and inflammation. They are a versatile and effective option for those who prefer not to smoke or ingest edibles.

5. Topical Creams

Topical creams are effective for localized pain management, such as for sore muscles, arthritis, or joint pain. These creams do not produce psychoactive effects because they are applied directly to the skin and do not enter the bloodstream. Topical applications are ideal for individuals who want relief from pain or inflammation without experiencing the cognitive effects associated with other forms of cannabis consumption. The effects of topical creams can typically be felt within 15 to 30 minutes after application. They are an excellent option for individuals with localized discomfort or chronic conditions like arthritis, where targeted relief is needed.

6. THC Bath Soaks

Reports suggest that THC bath soaks are effective in muscle pain therapy. Soaking in a warm bath infused with THC bath salts offers a relaxing effect, helping to ease sore and strained muscles. The warm water helps increase blood circulation, allowing the THC to be absorbed through the skin, while the soothing bath helps to reduce stress and tension. This method provides a full-body therapeutic experience and is particularly beneficial for muscle recovery after physical exertion or for those dealing with chronic muscle pain. THC bath soaks are ideal for relaxation and pain relief without the psychoactive effects typically associated with other consumption methods.

Is Medical Cannabis Legal?

Cannabis remains illegal for both recreational and medical use in many parts of the world. The recreational use of cannabis was first legalized in Uruguay in 2013, followed by Canada in October 2018, under the Cannabis Act.

In the United States, however, medical cannabis is legal in at least 30 states with a valid prescription, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. In states like Alaska, Washington, Oregon, and Colorado, adults over the age of 21 may also purchase medical marijuana.

Despite the growing acceptance, cannabis remains classified as a Schedule I substance under the U.S. federal law, meaning it is illegal for any use at the national level. This creates a legal gray area in the United States, where state laws often conflict with federal regulations. Additionally, some countries and regions have stricter rules, limiting cannabis use to specific medical conditions or requiring special permits to use it legally.

As the global attitude towards cannabis continues to shift, it’s important to stay informed about local laws and regulations, as they can change frequently.

Use of Medical Cannabis in Palliative Care

The World Health Organization defines palliative care as “an approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering, using early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychological, and spiritual.”

Key factors of palliative care include managing pain and physical symptoms, as well as improving the quality of life at the end of life. The final days of a person’s life can be filled with immense pain, discomfort, and emotional distress. Medical cannabis has been considered a palliative care treatment because it helps alleviate pain, relax the mind, and reduce anxiety, allowing the patient to face the inevitable with greater peace and calm.

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the most commonly used cannabinoid medication in palliative care due to its psychoactive effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) is also used, often in small amounts, as it has little to no psychoactive effect. Medical cannabis also helps relieve nausea, vomiting, anxiety, and depression that patients may experience. Additionally, it can stimulate appetite, which is particularly beneficial for those who struggle with eating due to illness.

However, there are potential side effects that patients may experience, such as psychiatric disturbances, dizziness, irritability, speech disorders, and impaired memory. These side effects vary from person to person, and not every patient will experience them.

Medical cannabis has been approved as a palliative care medication in several states in the USA and various countries, particularly for cancer patients. Despite this, some physicians still prefer to focus on managing patients’ health through symptom control alone rather than incorporating cannabis into treatment regimens.

Conclusion

Medical cannabis has been proven effective in treating symptoms of many medical conditions, including thyroid disorders. It can be used in different forms, such as pills, edibles, oils, and more, depending on the patient’s needs and the intended purpose of the prescription. However, it is important to note that medical cannabis is not a cure for thyroid disorders. While it offers numerous benefits, including symptom relief, it can also have adverse effects if not used correctly. It is crucial that it is taken in moderation and under the supervision of a medical practitioner.

Given the limited data available on cannabis use for thyroid disorders, doctors must focus on treating the patient as a whole, rather than just addressing the ailment. Because thyroid disorders can vary greatly from one patient to another, it is important for doctors to collaborate with patients in providing a personalized, patient-centered approach. This process often requires patience and flexibility, as

References

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/endocannabinoid#definition

https://www.verywellhealth.com/cbd-oil-for-thyroid-6502816

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/endocannabinoid#therapeutic-use

https://www.veriheal.com/blog/strains/thyroid-conditions/